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Neurology

Vertigo

Vertigo is often caused by a deep ear issue.

Vertigo

Vertigo is a sensation of movement; the affected person feels a turn of the environment or himself, described as dizziness. It is usually accompanied by nausea, feeling faint, or loss of balance.


Vertigo can be momentary or last for a few hours or even days. It can affect anyone. However, the most common adult age of its appearance is between 40 to 50 years and from 70 years.


Causes

There are two types of Vertigo, Peripheral and Central Vertigo.


A Peripheral Vertigo is caused for a problem in the part of the inner ear or vestibular labyrinth that controls balance.


Peripheral Vertigo can be caused by:


  • Some Medications, such as aminoglycoside antibiotics, diuretics, etc.

  • Meniere's disease

  • Injuries

  • Vestibular nerve inflammation

  • Inner ear irritation

  • Pressure on the vestibular nerve

  • Benign positional Vertigo


Central Vertigo is caused by damage to the brain, usually the brainstem or cerebellum.


Central Vertigo can be caused by:


  • Vascular disease

  • Some medicines like anticonvulsants

  • Multiple sclerosis

  • Convulsions

  • Stroke

  • Tumors

  • Vestibular Migraine


Symptoms

The main symptom is having a sensation of movement.


The following are some of the symptoms of peripheral Vertigo:

  • Problems focusing your vision

  • Dizziness

  • Hearing loss in one ear

  • Loss of balance

  • Ringing in the ears

  • Nausea and vomiting


The following are  some of the symptoms of central Vertigo:

  • Swallowing problems

  • Problems with eye movements

  • Facial paralysis

  • Language disorder

  • Limb weakness

  • Double vision


Diagnosis of Vertigo 

The Neurologist will perform a physical exam, ask questions related to your symptoms, lifestyle, and medical history.


Following are some of the possible tests that the Neurologist could perform:



Treatment of Vertigo

The treatment provided by your Neurologist will depend on the type of Vertigo you suffer. Common treatment options include: 

  • Epley maneuver, head movements are made to relieve symptoms 

  • Physiotherapy 

  • Surgery 

  • Microvascular decompression


Living with Vertigo

In an episode of Vertigo, it is possible to prevent worsening by doing the following: 

  • Stay still, sit or lie down when symptoms occur 

  • Resume activity gradually 

  • Avoid sudden changes in position 

  • Don't try to read when symptoms occur 

  • Avoid bright lights 

  • Go to your routine appointments with the Neurologist 


Get help with walking when symptoms occur. Do not expose yourself to risky activities such as driving, operating heavy machinery, and climbing for at least a week after the symptoms have disappeared.


¿When do you have to see a doctor?

In case of frequent symptoms of Vertigo, go to your Neurologist.


When consulting your Neurologist, try to bring a detailed description of your symptoms, duration, and what you think triggered them. Also, mention any medications you are taking.


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